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There was no significant difference in length of stay of hospitalized cases after the intervention (rate ratio = 0.91 95% CI (0.70, 1.18) P =. There was a significant decrease in the age-standardized monthly ambulatory scald cases per 100,000 population after the intervention of 0.01055 (95% confidence interval P =. The high-risk population group of children and elderly comprised the majority of hospitalization cases (60%) however, adults are responsible for the majority of the ambulatory cases (67%). The average annual incidence rate for hot tap water scalds for the study period was 6.93 cases per 100,000 population and the average hospitalization rate was 0.4 cases per 100,000 population. There were a total of 6952 hot tap water scald cases in Ontario, including 408 hospitalizations in the 8-year period. Annual incidences, hospitalizations, and outcomes were recorded. Hot tap water scald cases were identified from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System and Discharge Abstract Database databases provided by Canadian Institute for Health Information for April 2002 to March 2010. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the legislation at reducing both the overall incidence and hospitalizations caused by hot tap water scalds.
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In September 2004, Ontario changed its Building Code, requiring all new or renovated residential buildings to lower the maximum setting of their hot water heaters to 49☌ (120☏). It has been previously determined that the severity of hot water scalds increases in a logarithmic trend with water temperature, which has led to legislations requiring changes to the physical environment to reduce the temperature of hot water. Hot water scalds can be quite debilitating for a prolonged period of time.